Cheated death

 Cheated Death effect means you got lucky to survive a lethal hit due to a bug in Starbound.

Details
This bug makes you unkillable if you have health regeneration, went down to 0 hitpoints (which should be lethal), but then health regeneration restored it to be above 0 hitpoints, and you survived.

When this bug is detected, "Cheated Death" effect is applied. It prevents you from regenerating for some time, which prevents this bug from repeating over and over.

How is the bug detected
Bug is detected by health being below 1 hitpoint (but above 0 hitpoints). It may result in death: if health is 0.6, then there is a 60% chance to survive and get Cheated Death, and 40% chance to die.